Swedish EQ-5D-5L experience-based value sets (Burström TTO & VAS)
These are Swedish value sets for the EQ-5D-5L health questionnaire, based on real people's evaluations of their own health using two methods: time trade-off (TTO) and visual analogue scale (VAS). They help convert health descriptions into single numbers that reflect how good or bad a health state is, based on actual patient experiences. This makes them useful for comparing treatments and making fair healthcare decisions.
At a glance
Use when
Conducting health technology assessments in Sweden that require utility weights based on experienced health states; preference for population-level, experience-based valuation over hypothetical scenario valuation; need for both TTO and VAS-based scoring for sensitivity analysis.
Avoid when
When hypothetical valuation (e.g., general population time trade-off) is preferred; when working in non-Swedish contexts without cross-cultural validation; when detailed valuation of rare or unobserved health states is required without imputation.
Inputs
EQ-5D-5L health state profiles (five dimensions at five severity levels) from individuals currently experiencing those states, along with their TTO and VAS self-valuations.
Outputs
Single-index utility values for all 3125 EQ-5D-5L health states, based on Swedish population experience using TTO and VAS methods.
How it works
Experience-based value sets for the EQ-5D-5L were developed using data from a large population-based postal survey (n=25,867) in Sweden. TTO (n=13,381) and VAS (n=23,899) valuations of respondents' current health states were modeled using ordinary least-squares regression. The models included 20 dummy variables for severity increments across five dimensions and interaction terms for severity thresholds (N2–N5). In the TTO model, levels 4 and 5 were combined for mobility, self-care, and usual activities; N5 was included to distinguish the worst states. In the VAS model, only mobility levels 4 and 5 were combined, and N2–N4 interactions were significant. These are the first TTO-based EQ-5D-5L value sets derived from experienced health states.
- HTA domains
- Clinical Effectiveness, Patient and Social Aspects
- Assumptions
- Respondents can accurately self-value their current health using TTO and VAS; statistical models adequately capture the structure of health state preferences; combining certain severity levels does not bias utility estimates.
- Strengths
- First experience-based EQ-5D-5L TTO value set; large, representative population sample; uses actual experienced health states rather than hypothetical ones; includes both TTO and VAS valuation methods; models interaction effects for severe health states.
- Limitations
- Only 28.7% of possible health states were observed; some levels had to be combined due to sparse data; self-administered survey may introduce response bias; generalizability to other populations may be limited.
- Also known as
- Burström EQ-5D-5L Swedish value sets, Swedish experience-based EQ-5D-5L TTO/VAS values, EQ-5D-5L SE TTO & VAS value sets
Questions this answers
- › What is the value of a specific EQ-5D-5L health state based on the Swedish general population's experience?
- › How do individuals experiencing a health state value it using time trade-off and visual analogue scale methods?
- › How can EQ-5D-5L health states be converted into a single utility score for use in cost-utility analyses?
- › What is the impact of having severe problems (level 5) in any dimension on overall health valuation?
- › How do experienced valuations differ across dimensions and severity levels in the EQ-5D-5L?
- › Are there interaction effects between severity levels in different dimensions when valuing health states?
References & sources
Similar by meaning
- Swedish experience-based EQ-5D-3L value sets (Burström)
- Swedish experience-based value sets for EQ-5D health states
- Experience-Based Swedish TTO and VAS Value Sets for EQ-5D-5L Health States
- Differences between hypothetical and experience-based value sets for EQ-5D used in Sweden: Implications for decision makers
- Estimating a social value set for EQ-5D-5L in Sweden
Beta record. Generated from the primary source via AI extraction and independent audit, pending final human review.